Australia (from Latin Terra Australis – “southern land”) – the sixth in the world regarding the area and the only state on Earth, occupying the whole continent.
Australia occupies the continent of Australia, the island of Tasmania and some other islands of the Indian, Pacific and Southern Oceans. To the north of Australia are East Timor, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, to the north-east – Vanuatu, New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands, southeast – New Zealand. The Australian mainland divides itself into the Indian and Pacific. Often geographically and geopolitically, Australia includes Australia and Oceania in the region.
The area of Australia is 7617930 km2. The length from the west to the east is about 4000 km, from the north to the south – 3128 km. The length of the coastline is 34218 km.
In the relief of Australia, there are three central regions: the Western Plateau with a relatively level surface, the Eastern Mountains with significant elevations and the Central Lowland between them.
Australia includes the Great Barrier Reef, the world’s largest coral reef stretching from north to south along Australia’s east coast.
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40% of the territory of Australia is in the tropics. Due to the length of the continent and the variety of factors in operation, in different regions of Australia the climate is different: in the north the climate is subequatorial, monsoon, hot, in the central part – tropical desert, in the south-west – subtropical with the prevalence of winter precipitation. On the east coast – tropical, marine, hot with a summer maximum of rainfall.
Deserts and semi-deserts occupy Australia – the driest continent of the Earth, the entire central part of the continent, and the main settlements are on the coast, in a strip of temperate climate.
Do not forget that Australia is located in the southern hemisphere and the seasons are opposite to European ones: spring from September to November, summer from December to February, autumn from March to May, winter from June to August.